Cognitive bias

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_bias

Cognitive bias codex

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  1. Too Much Information
    1. We notice things already primed in memory or repeated often
      1. Availability heuristic
      2. Attentional bias
      3. Illusory truth effect
      4. Mere–exposure effect
      5. Context effect
      6. Cue–dependent forgetting
      7. Mood–congruent memory bias
      8. Frequency illusion
      9. Baader–Meinhof Phenomenon
      10. Empathy gap
      11. Omission bias
      12. Base rate fallacy
    2. Bizarre, funny, visually striking, or anthropomorphic things stick out more than non-bizarre/unfunny things
      1. Bizarreness effect
      2. Humor effect
      3. Von Restorff effect
      4. Picture superiority effect
      5. Self–relevance effect
      6. Negativity bias
    3. We notice when something has changed
      1. Anchoring
      2. Conservatism
      3. Contrast effect
      4. Distinction bias
      5. Focusing effect
      6. Framing effect
      7. Money illusion
      8. Weber–Fechner law
    4. We are drawn to details that confirm our own existing beliefs
      1. Confirmation bias
      2. Congruence bias
      3. Post–purchase rationalization
      4. Choice–supportive bias
      5. Selective perception
      6. Observer–expectancy effect
      7. Experimenter's bias
      8. Observer effect
      9. Expectation bias
      10. Ostrich effect
      11. Subjective validation
      12. Continued influence effect
      13. Semmelweis reflex
    5. We notice flaws in others more easily than we notice flaws in ourselves
      1. Bias blind spot
      2. Naïve cynicism
      3. Naïve realism
  2. Not Enough Meaning
    1. We tend to find stories and patterns even when looking at sparse data
      1. Confabulation
      2. Clustering illusion
      3. Insensitivity to sample size
      4. Neglect of probability
      5. Anecdotal fallacy
      6. Illusion of validity
      7. Masked–man fallacy
      8. Recency illusion
      9. Gambler's fallacy
      10. Hot–hand fallacy
      11. Illusory correlation
      12. Pareidolia
      13. Anthropomorphism
    2. We fill in characteristics from stereotypes, generalities, and prior histories
      1. Group attribution error
      2. Ultimate attribution error
      3. Stereotyping
      4. Essentialism
      5. Functional fixedness
      6. Moral credential effect
      7. Just–world hypothesis
      8. Argument from fallacy
      9. Authority bias
      10. Automation bias
      11. Bandwagon effect
      12. Placebo effect
    3. We imagine things and people we're familiar with or fond of as better
      1. Out–group homogeneity bias
      2. Cross–race effect
      3. In–group favoritism
      4. Halo effect
      5. Cheerleader effect
      6. Positivity effect
      7. Not invented here
      8. Reactive devaluation
      9. Well–traveled road effect
    4. We simplify probabilities and numbers to make them easier to think about
      1. Mental accounting
      2. Appeal to probability fallacy
      3. Normalcy bias
      4. Murphy's Law
      5. Zero sum bias
      6. Survivorship bias
      7. Subadditivity effect
      8. Denomination effect
      9. The magical number 7 ± 2
    5. We think we know what other people are thinking
      1. Illusion of transparency
      2. Curse of knowledge
      3. Spotlight effect
      4. Extrinsic incentive error
      5. Illusion of external agency
      6. Illusion of asymmetric insight
    6. We project our current mindset and assumptions onto the past and future
      1. Telescoping effect
      2. Rosy retrospection
      3. Hindsight bias
      4. Outcome bias
      5. Moral luck
      6. Declinism
      7. Impact bias
      8. Pessimism bias
      9. Planning fallacy
      10. Time–saving bias
      11. Pro–innovation bias
      12. Projection bias
      13. Restraint bias
      14. Self–consistency bias
  3. Need To Act Fast
    1. To act, we must be confident we can make an impact and feel what we do is important
      1. Overconfidence effect
      2. Social desirability bias
      3. Third–person effect
      4. False consensus effect
      5. Hard–easy effect
      6. Lake Wobegone effect
      7. Dunning–Kruger effect
      8. Egocentric bias
      9. Optimism bias
      10. Forer effect
      11. Barnum effect
      12. Self–serving bias
      13. Actor–observer bias
      14. Illusion of control
      15. Illusory superiority
      16. Fundamental attribution error
      17. Defensive attribution hypothesis
      18. Trait ascription bias
      19. Effort justification
      20. Risk compensation
      21. Peltzman effect
    2. To stay focused, we favor the immediate, relatable thing in front of us
      1. Hyperbolic discounting
      2. Appeal to novelty
      3. Identifiable victim effect
    3. To get things done, we tend to complete things we've invested time and energy in
      1. Sunk cost fallacy
      2. Irrational escalation
      3. Escalation of commitment
      4. Generation effect
      5. Loss aversion
      6. IKEA effect
      7. Unit bias
      8. Zero–risk bias
      9. Disposition effect
      10. Pseudocertainty effect
      11. Processing difficulty effect
      12. Endowment effect
      13. Backfire effect
    4. To avoid mistakes, we aim to preserve autonomy and group status, and avoid irreversible decisions
      1. System justification
      2. Reverse psychology
      3. Reactance
      4. Decoy effect
      5. Social comparison effect
      6. Status quo bias
    5. We favor simple–looking options and complete information over complex, ambiguous options
      1. Ambiguity bias
      2. Information bias
      3. Belief bias
      4. Rhyme–as–reason effect
      5. Bike–shedding effect
      6. Law of Triviality
      7. Conjunction fallacy
      8. Occam's razor
      9. Less–is–better effect
  4. What Should We Remember?
    1. We edit and reinforce some memories after the fact
      1. Misattribution of memory
      2. Source confusion
      3. Cryptomnesia
      4. False memory
      5. Suggestibility
      6. Spacing effect
    2. We discard specifics to form generalities
      1. Implicit association
      2. Implicit stereotypes
      3. Stereotypical bias
      4. Prejudice
      5. Negativity bias
      6. Fading affect bias
    3. We reduce events and lists to their key elements
      1. Peak–end rule
      2. Leveling and sharpening
      3. Misinformation effect
      4. Serial recall effect
      5. List–length effect
      6. Duration neglect
      7. Modality effect
      8. Memory inhibition
      9. Primacy effect
      10. Recency effect
      11. Part–set cueing effect
      12. Serial–position effect
      13. Suffix effect
    4. We store memories differently based on how they were experienced
      1. Levels–of–processing effect
      2. Absent–mindedness
      3. Testing effect
      4. Next–in–line effect
      5. Google effect
      6. Tip of the tongue phenomenon

Liste

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

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