Geschäftsmodell

55 Geschäftsmodellmuster

55 Muster von Geschäftsmodellen nach Gassmann et al. 2013

#	Name	Zusammenfassung	Beispiel	Kommentar
1	Add-on	put a cherry on top	Ryanair (1985), SAP (1992), Sega (1998)
2	Affiliation	we help you, so you share with us	Amazon Store (1995), Cybererotica (1994), CDnow (1994), Pinterest (2010)
3	Aikido	do exactly what the competition won't	Six Flags (1961), The Body Shop (1976), Swatch (1983), Cirque du Soleil (1984), Nintendo (2006)
4	Auction	sell to highest bidder	eBay (1995), Winebid (1996), Priceline (1997), Google (1998), Elance (2006), Zopa (2005), MyHammer (2005)
5	Barter	trade wares, not money	Procter & Gamble (1970), Pepsi (1972), Lufthansa (1993), Magnolia Hotels (2007), Pay with a Tweet (2010)
6	Cash Machine	kunde zahlt, dann wird produziert	American Express (1891), Dell (1984), Amazon Store (1995), PayPal (1998), Blacksocks (1999), MyFab (2008), Groupon (2008)
7	Cross Selling	Sortiment ergänzen um verschiedene Branchen	Shell (1930), IKEA (1956), Tchibo (1973), Aldi (1986), SANIFAIR (2003)
8	Crowdfunding	Like the idea? share money -> take part in success	Marillion (1997), Cassava Films(1998), Diaspora(2010), Brainpool (2011), Pebble Technology (2012)
9	Crowdsourcing	Like the idea? share skill -> take part in success	Threadless (2000), Procter & Gamble (2001), InnoCentive (2001), Cisco (2007), MyFab (2008)
10	Customer Loyality	persönliche Bindung oder Bonusprogramme	Sperry & Hutchinson (1897), American Airlines (1981), Safeway Club Card (1995), Payback(2000)
11	Digitalization	Do what they do, but digital	Spiegel Online (1994), WXYC (1994), Hotmail (1996), Jones International University (1996), CEWE Color (1997), SurveyMonkey (1998), Napster (1999), Wikipedia (2001), Facebook (2004), Dropbox (2007), Netflix (2008), Next Issue Media (2011)
12	Direct Selling	leave out the middle man	Vorwerk (1930), Tupperware (1946), Amway (1959), The Body Shop (1976), Dell (1984), Nestle Nespresso (1986), First Direct (1989), Nestlé Special.T (2010), Dollar Shave Club (2012), Nestlé BabyNes (2012)
13	E-Commerce	just sell online	Dell (1984), Asos (2000), Zappos (1999), Amazon Store (1995), Flyeralarm (2002), Blacksocks (1999), Dollar Shave Club (2012), Winebid(1996), Zopa (2005)
14	Experience Selling	Erlebnis bereichert Produkt	Harley Davidson (1903), Starbucks (1971), IKEA (1956), Barnes&Nobles (1993), Trader Joeȇs (1958), Nestlé Nespresso (1986), Swatch (1983), Nestlé Special.T (2010), Red Bull (1987)
15	Flatrate	pay once, do whatever after	SBB (1898), Buckaroo Buffet (1946), Sandals Resorts (1981), Netflix (1999), Next Issue Media (2011)
16	Fractionalized Ownership	Buy product together, use it together	Hapimag (1963), Netjets (1964), Mobility Carsharing (1997), écurie25 (2005), HomeBuy (2009)
17	Franchising	pay for the brand, not for the thing	Singer Sewing Machine (1860), McDonaldȇs (1948), Marriott International (1967), Starbucks (1971), Subway (1974), Fressnapf (1992), Naturhouse (1992), McFit (1997), BackWerk (2001)
18	Freemium	gift free version for max spread, hope they bud premium	Hotmail (1996), SurveyMonkey (1998), LinkedIn (2003), Skype (2003), Spotify (2006), Dropbox (2007)
19	From Push-to-Pull	Kundenanforderungen first and center	Toyota(1975), Zara (1975), Dell(1984), Geberit (2000)
20	Guaranteed Availability	Verfügbarkeit versprechen und halten	PHH Corporation (1986), IBM (1995), Hilti (2000), MachineryLink (2000), NetJets (1964), ABB Turbo Systems (2010)
21	Hidden Revenue	Nicht der Nutzer, sondern Dritte (z.B. Werbung) finanzieren	JCDecaux (1964), Sat.1 (1984), Metro Newspaper (1995), Google (1998), Zattoo (2007), Facebook (2004), Spotify (2006)
22	Ingredient Branding	"our special ingeredient makes our product the best"	Intel (1991), W.L. Gore & Associates (1976), DuPont Teflon (1964), Carl Zeiss (1995), Shimano (1995), Bosch (2000)
23	Integrator	Kontrolliere die gesamte Wertkette allein	Carnegie Steel (1870), Exxon Mobil (1999), Ford (1908), Zara (1975), BYD Auto (1995)
24	Layer Player	Übernimm eine Phase der Wertkette für verschiedene Partner	Wipro Technologies (1980), PayPal (1998), Amazon Web Services (2002), Dennemeyer (1962), TRUSTe (1997)
25	Leverage Customer Data	Metadaten der Nutzer verkaufen	Google (1998), Facebook (2004), PatientsLikeMe (2004), 23andMe (2006), Verizon Communications (2011), PayBack (2000), Amazon Store (1995), Twitter (2006)
26	License	Produktnutzung lizenzieren, hauptsächlich entwickeln	ARM (1989), IBM (1920), BUSCH (1870), DIC 2 (1973), Duales System Deutschland (1991), Max Havelaar (1992)
27	Lock-in	You're not getting out of this (easily)	Gillette (1904), Nestlé Nespresso (1986), Hewlett-Packard (1984), Microsoft (1975), Lego (1949), Nestlé BabyNes (2012), Nestlé Special.T (2010)
28	Long Tail	<i don't get it> sell small amounts for long time (?)	Amazon Store (1995), eBay (1995), Netflix (1999), Apple iPod/iTunes (2003), YouTube (2005)
29	Make More of it	Offer your ressources to others while you don't need them	Festo Didactic (1970), Porsche (1931), BASF (1998), Amazon Web Services (2002), Sennheiser Sound Academy (2009)
30	Mass Customization	Massenproduktion + Kundenspezifisch = z.B. Modular & customizable	Dell (1984), Leviȇs (1990), My Unique Bag (2010), Miadidas (2000), mymuesli (2007), Factory121 (2006), PersonalNOVEL (2003)
31	No Frills	Fokus auf das Wesentliche, offen kommunizieren, wo man spart	Ford (1908), Southwest Airlines (1971), Dow Corning (2002), McDonaldȇs (1948), Accor (1985), Aravind Eye care System (1976), McFit (1997), Aldi (1913)
32	Open Business Model	Geschäftsmodell mit Partnern weiterentwickeln	Valve Corporation (1998), Abril (2008)
33	Open Source	Code is free for all, Dienstleistung on top	Red Hat (1993), Wikipedia (2001), mondoBIOTECH (2000), Local Motors (2008), IBM (1955), Mozilla (1992)
34	Orchestrator	Fokus auf spezielle Segmente der Wertkette, Rest Outsourcen	Nike (1978), Bharti Airtel (1995), Li & Fung (1971), Procter & Gamble (1970)
35	Pay per Use	Pay what you use	Hot Choice (1988), Google (1998), Better Place (2007), Car2Go (2008), Ally Financial (2004)
36	Pay What You Want	Zahl, was du für richtig hältst	One World Everbody Eats (2003), Radiohead (2007), NoiseTrade (2006), Humble Bundle (2010), Panera Bread Bakery (2010)
37	Peer-to-Peer	Eure 1:1 Meetings sind unser Mehrwert.	eBay (1995), Napster (1999), Couchsurfing (2003), SlideShare (2006), RelayRides (2010), Craigslist (1996), Skype (2003), LinkedIn (2003), Zopa (2005), Dropbox (2007), Twitter (2006), Airbnb (2008), TaskRabbit (2008), Gidsy (2011)
38	Performance-based Contracting	<i don't get it> Sell the result, not the product (?)	BASF (1998), Xerox (2002), Rolls Royce (1980), Smartville (1997)
39	Razor and Blade	Basis günstig, alles weitere (zur Anwendung notwendige) teuer	Standard Oil Company (1880), Gillette (1904), Hewlett-Packard (1984), Nestle Nespresso (1986), Apple iPod/iTunes (2003), Amazon Kindle (2007), Better Place (2007), Nestlé BabyNes (2012), Nestlé Special.T (2010)
40	Rent Instead of Buy	Mieten statt kaufen	Saunders System (1916), Xerox (1959), Blockbuster (1985), Rent a Bike (1987), Mobility Carsharing (1997), Luxusbabe (2006), Flexpetz (2007), MachineryLink (2000), Car2Go(2008), CWS-boco (2001)
41	Revenue Sharing	win together, lose together	Apple iPhone/AppStore(2008), Groupon (2008), HubPages(2006), CDNow (1994)
42	Reverse Engineering	do what they did	Bayer (1897), Brilliance China Auto (2003), Denner (2010), Pelikan (1994)
43	Reverse Innovation	sell to the rich (countries) what worked for the poor (countries)	General Electric (2007), Nokia (2003), Logitech (1981), Renault (2004), Haier (1999)
44	Robin Hood	higher price for the rich, lower for the poor	Aravind Eye Care System (1976), TOMS Shoes (2006), One Laptop per Child (2005), Warby Parker (2008)
45	Self-Service	Teile der Wertkette macht der Kunde einfach selbst	McDonaldȇs (1948), IKEA (1956), BackWerk (2001), Accor (1985), Car2Go (2008), Mobility Carsharing (1997)
46	Shop-in-Shop	Ein Geschäft in einem anderen einnisten	Bosch (2000), Deutsche Post (1995), Tim Hortons (1964), Tchibo (1987), MinuteClinic (2000)
47	Solution Provider	<i don't get it> Einen Bereich mit Produkten und Dienstleistungen vollständig abdecken	Lantal Textiles (1954), Tetra Pak (1993), CWS-boco (2001), Geek Squad (1994), Heidelberger Druckmaschinen (1980), Apple iPod/iTunes (2003), 3M Services (2010)
48	Subscription	Regelmäßig Gebühren Zahlen, um Produkt zu erhalten	Netflix (1999), Blacksocks (1999), Salesforce (1999), Jamba (2004), Dollar Shave Club (2012), Next Issue Media (2011), Spotify (2006)
49	Supermarket	Verkauf viele verschiedene Dinge unter einem Dach	King Kullen Grocery Company (1930), Merrill Lynch (1930), Toys“R”Us (1948), The Home Depot (1978), Best Buy (1983), Fressnapf (1985), Staples (1986)
50	Target the Poor	Hauptziel: Kunden mit geringem Einkommen, dadurch geringe Gewinne/Kunde, aber viele Kunden	Grameen Bank (1983), Bharti Airtel (1995), Arvind Mills (1995),Hindustan Unilever (2000), Tata Nano (2009), Walmart (2012)
51	Trash-to-Cash	Verbrauchtes erneuern	Duales System Deutschland (1991), Freitag lab.ag (1993), Greenwire (2001), H&M (2012), Emeco (2010)
52	Two-Sided Market	Wir sind die Plattform, ihr die Händler	Diners Club (1950), Amazon Store (1995), Metro Newspaper (1995), Facebook (2004), Groupon (2008), JCDecaux (1964), Sat.1 (1984), Google (1998), Zattoo (2007), eBay (1995), Elance (2006), Priceline (1997), MyHammer (2005)
53	Ultimate luxury	Hauptziel: Kunden mit hohem Einkommen, dadurch hohe Gewinne/Kunde, aber wenige Kunden	Lamborghini (1962), MirCorp (2000), The World (2002), Jumeirah Group (1994), Abbot Downing (2011)
54	User Designed	Der Nutzer gestaltet das Produkt mit	Spreadshirt (2001), Lulu (2002), Lego Factory (2005), Ponoko (2007), Createmytattoo (2009), Quirky (2009), Amazon Kindle (2007), Apple iPhone/AppStore (2008)
55	White Label	Ihr dürft eure Marken auf unser Produkt packen	Foxconn (1974), Richelieu Foods (1994), Printing In A Box (2005)