Geschäftsmodell

55 Geschäftsmodellmuster

Im Folgenden werden nun die 55 Muster von Geschäftsmodellen in aller Kürze und mit Hinweis für KMU vorgestellt. Wir haben die englischen Fachbegriffe behalten, um anschlussfähig zu sein, gleichzeitig aber gut erklärt. Der interessierte Praktiker sei hier auf das Buch ‚Geschäftsmodelle entwickeln‘ von Gassmann, Frankenberger, Csik (2013) verwiesen, in dem die Muster ausführlich dargestellt, visualisiert und mit zahlreichen Beispielen unterlegt worden sind.

55 Muster von Geschäftsmodellen

#	Name	Beispiel	Kommentar
1	Add-on	Ryanair (1985), SAP (1992), Sega (1998)
2	Affiliation	Amazon Store (1995), Cybererotica (1994), CDnow (1994), Pinterest (2010)
3	Aikido	Six Flags (1961), The Body Shop (1976), Swatch (1983), Cirque du Soleil (1984), Nintendo (2006)
4	20 Teil 1	eBay (1995), Winebid (1996), Priceline (1997), Google (1998), Elance (2006), Zopa (2005), MyHammer (2005)
5	Barter	Procter & Gamble (1970), Pepsi (1972), Lufthansa (1993), Magnolia Hotels (2007), Pay with a Tweet (2010)
6	Cash Machine	American Express (1891), Dell (1984), Amazon Store (1995), PayPal (1998), Blacksocks (1999), MyFab (2008), Groupon (2008)
7	Cross Selling	Shell (1930), IKEA (1956), Tchibo (1973), Aldi (1986), SANIFAIR (2003)
8	Crowdfunding	Marillion (1997), Cassava Films(1998), Diaspora(2010), Brainpool (2011), Pebble Technology (2012)
9	Geschäftsmodelle entwickeln	Threadless (2000), Procter & Gamble (2001), InnoCentive (2001), Cisco (2007), MyFab (2008)
10	Customer Loyality	Sperry & Hutchinson (1897), American Airlines (1981), Safeway Club Card (1995), Payback(2000)
11	Digitalization	Spiegel Online (1994), WXYC (1994), Hotmail (1996), Jones International University (1996), CEWE Color (1997), SurveyMonkey (1998), Napster (1999), Wikipedia (2001), Facebook (2004), Dropbox (2007), Netflix (2008), Next Issue Media (2011)
12	Direct Selling	Vorwerk (1930), Tupperware (1946), Amway (1959), The Body Shop (1976), Dell (1984), Nestle Nespresso (1986), First Direct (1989), Nestlé Special.T (2010), Dollar Shave Club (2012), Nestlé BabyNes (2012)
13	E-Commerce	Dell (1984), Asos (2000), Zappos (1999), Amazon Store (1995), Flyeralarm (2002), Blacksocks (1999), Dollar Shave Club (2012), Winebid(1996), Zopa (2005)
14	Experience Selling	Harley Davidson (1903), Starbucks (1971), IKEA (1956), Barnes&Nobles (1993), Trader Joeȇs (1958), Nestlé Nespresso (1986), Swatch (1983), Nestlé Special.T (2010), Red Bull (1987)
15	Flatrate	SBB (1898), Buckaroo Buffet (1946), Sandals Resorts (1981), Netflix (1999), Next Issue Media (2011)
16	Fractionalized Ownership	Hapimag (1963), Netjets (1964), Mobility Carsharing (1997), écurie25 (2005), HomeBuy (2009)
17	Franchising	Singer Sewing Machine (1860), McDonaldȇs (1948), Marriott International (1967), Starbucks (1971), Subway (1974), Fressnapf (1992), Naturhouse (1992), McFit (1997), BackWerk (2001)
18	Freemium	Hotmail (1996), SurveyMonkey (1998), LinkedIn (2003), Skype (2003), Spotify (2006), Dropbox (2007)
19	From Push-to-Pull	Toyota(1975), Zara (1975), Dell(1984), Geberit (2000)
20	Guaranteed Availability	PHH Corporation (1986), IBM (1995), Hilti (2000), MachineryLink (2000), NetJets (1964), ABB Turbo Systems (2010)
21	Hidden Revenue	JCDecaux (1964), Sat.1 (1984), Metro Newspaper (1995), Google (1998), Zattoo (2007), Facebook (2004), Spotify (2006)
22	Ingredient Branding	Intel (1991), W.L. Gore & Associates (1976), DuPont Teflon (1964), Carl Zeiss (1995), Shimano (1995), Bosch (2000)
23	Integrator	Carnegie Steel (1870), Exxon Mobil (1999), Ford (1908), Zara (1975), BYD Auto (1995)
24	Layer Player	Wipro Technologies (1980), PayPal (1998), Amazon Web Services (2002), Dennemeyer (1962), TRUSTe (1997)
25	Leverage Customer Data	Google (1998), Facebook (2004), PatientsLikeMe (2004), 23andMe (2006), Verizon Communications (2011), PayBack (2000), Amazon Store (1995), Twitter (2006)
26	License	ARM (1989), IBM (1920), BUSCH (1870), DIC 2 (1973), Duales System Deutschland (1991), Max Havelaar (1992)
27	Lock-in	Gillette (1904), Nestlé Nespresso (1986), Hewlett-Packard (1984), Microsoft (1975), Lego (1949), Nestlé BabyNes (2012), Nestlé Special.T (2010)
28	Long Tail	Amazon Store (1995), eBay (1995), Netflix (1999), Apple iPod/iTunes (2003), YouTube (2005)
29	Geschäftsmodelle entwickeln	Festo Didactic (1970), Porsche (1931), BASF (1998), Amazon Web Services (2002), Sennheiser Sound Academy (2009)
30	Mass Customization	Dell (1984), Leviȇs (1990), My Unique Bag (2010), Miadidas (2000), mymuesli (2007), Factory121 (2006), PersonalNOVEL (2003)
31	No Frills	Ford (1908), Southwest Airlines (1971), Dow Corning (2002), McDonaldȇs (1948), Accor (1985), Aravind Eye care System (1976), McFit (1997), Aldi (1913)
32	Open Business Model	Valve Corporation (1998), Abril (2008)
33	Open Source	Red Hat (1993), Wikipedia (2001), mondoBIOTECH (2000), Local Motors (2008), IBM (1955), Mozilla (1992)
34	Orchestrator	Nike (1978), Bharti Airtel (1995), Li & Fung (1971), Procter & Gamble (1970)
35	Pay per Use	Hot Choice (1988), Google (1998), Better Place (2007), Car2Go (2008), Ally Financial (2004)
36	Pay What You Want	One World Everbody Eats (2003), Radiohead (2007), NoiseTrade (2006), Humble Bundle (2010), Panera Bread Bakery (2010)
37	Peer-to-Peer	eBay (1995), Napster (1999), Couchsurfing (2003), SlideShare (2006), RelayRides (2010), Craigslist (1996), Skype (2003), LinkedIn (2003), Zopa (2005), Dropbox (2007), Twitter (2006), Airbnb (2008), TaskRabbit (2008), Gidsy (2011)
38	Performance-based Contracting	BASF (1998), Xerox (2002), Rolls Royce (1980), Smartville (1997)
39	Razor and Blade	Standard Oil Company (1880), Gillette (1904), Hewlett-Packard (1984), Nestle Nespresso (1986), Apple iPod/iTunes (2003), Amazon Kindle (2007), Better Place (2007), Nestlé BabyNes (2012), Nestlé Special.T (2010)
40	Geschäftsmodelle entwickeln	Saunders System (1916), Xerox (1959), Blockbuster (1985), Rent a Bike (1987), Mobility Carsharing (1997), Luxusbabe (2006), Flexpetz (2007), MachineryLink (2000), Car2Go(2008), CWS-boco (2001)
41	Revenue Sharing	Apple iPhone/AppStore(2008), Groupon (2008), HubPages(2006), CDNow (1994)
42	Reverse Engineering	Bayer (1897), Brilliance China Auto (2003), Denner (2010), Pelikan (1994)
43	Reverse Innovation	General Electric (2007), Nokia (2003), Logitech (1981), Renault (2004), Haier (1999)
44	Robin Hood	Aravind Eye Care System (1976), TOMS Shoes (2006), One Laptop per Child (2005), Warby Parker (2008)
45	Self-Service	McDonaldȇs (1948), IKEA (1956), BackWerk (2001), Accor (1985), Car2Go (2008), Mobility Carsharing (1997)
46	Shop-in-Shop	Bosch (2000), Deutsche Post (1995), Tim Hortons (1964), Tchibo (1987), MinuteClinic (2000)
47	Solution Provider	Lantal Textiles (1954), Tetra Pak (1993), CWS-boco (2001), Geek Squad (1994), Heidelberger Druckmaschinen (1980), Apple iPod/iTunes (2003), 3M Services (2010)
48	Subscription	Netflix (1999), Blacksocks (1999), Salesforce (1999), Jamba (2004), Dollar Shave Club (2012), Next Issue Media (2011), Spotify (2006)
49	Supermarket	King Kullen Grocery Company (1930), Merrill Lynch (1930), Toys“R”Us (1948), The Home Depot (1978), Best Buy (1983), Fressnapf (1985), Staples (1986)
50	Target the Poor	Grameen Bank (1983), Bharti Airtel (1995), Arvind Mills (1995),Hindustan Unilever (2000), Tata Nano (2009), Walmart (2012)
51	Trash-to-Cash	Duales System Deutschland (1991), Freitag lab.ag (1993), Greenwire (2001), H&M (2012), Emeco (2010)
52	Two-Sided Market	Diners Club (1950), Amazon Store (1995), Metro Newspaper (1995), Facebook (2004), Groupon (2008), JCDecaux (1964), Sat.1 (1984), Google (1998), Zattoo (2007), eBay (1995), Elance (2006), Priceline (1997), MyHammer (2005)
53	Ultimate luxury	Lamborghini (1962), MirCorp (2000), The World (2002), Jumeirah Group (1994), Abbot Downing (2011)
54	User Designed	Spreadshirt (2001), Lulu (2002), Lego Factory (2005), Ponoko (2007), Createmytattoo (2009), Quirky (2009), Amazon Kindle (2007), Apple iPhone/AppStore (2008)
55	White Label	Foxconn (1974), Richelieu Foods (1994), Printing In A Box (2005)